锑矿区水体水环境锑污染及硫同位素示踪研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宁增平  肖唐付  杨菲  贾彦龙  孙嘉龙  何立斌 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2011,30(2):135-141

本文系统研究了贵州省半坡锑矿区水环境锑污染现状,用硫同位素指示采矿活动对矿区水体的影响,以查明锑矿区水环境中Sb的释放迁移过程和水污染程度。研究发现,矿区水体中Sb和SO42-含量分别高达1377μg/L和1926 mg/L;岔河下游近10 km处仍保持较高水平(182.5μg/L Sb和59.8 mg/L SO42-)。岔河水体中,δ34S-Sb、δ34S-SO42-和Sb-SO42-间均具显著正相关,相关系数分别为r=0.68(p<0.05)、r=0.89(p<0.01)、r=0.72(p<0.05)。表明岔河水体中,δ34S和SO42-能很好地指示矿业活动引起的Sb污染程度和扩散范围。根据同位素质量平衡原理估算,发现矿区下游水体中的硫主要来自矿山,表明矿区下游水体污染受采矿活动影响显著。  相似文献   

A neurocomputing approach to the forecasting of monthly maximum temperature over Kolkata, India using total ozone concentration as predictor     

Syam Sundar De  Goutami Chattopadhyay  Bijoy Bandyopadhyay  Suman Paul 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2011,343(10):664-676

The association between the monthly total ozone concentration and monthly maximum temperature over Kolkata (22.56° N, 88.30° E), India, has been explored in this paper. For this, the predictability of monthly maximum temperature based on the total ozone as predictor is investigated using Artificial Neural Network. The presence of persistence and similar cyclic patterns are revealed through autocorrelation and cross-correlation coefficients. Common cycles of length 12 and 6 have been identified through periodogram. Hence, a predictive model has been generated by Artificial Neural Network in the form of Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) using scaled conjugate gradient learning with sigmoid non-linearity. After training and testing the network, an MLP with total ozone of month n as predictor and maximum temperature of month (n + 1) as the target output is found as the best model. Performance of the model has been judged statistically. Finally, the MLP model has been compared with linear and non-linear regressions and the efficiency of MLP has been established over the regression models.  相似文献   

青海木里地区地表水环境质量简评     

王鸿飞 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(12):30-31,50

木里地区地处青藏高原的高寒地区,属于生态缺水区。运用综合污染指数法对该地区的地表水环境质量做出了初步评价,结果表明：该区挥发酚的污染指数为0.40,污染分担率为57.2%,远高于其它指标,但其含量〈0.002mg/L,基本无污染;其它污染物污染等级均属于清洁级;水质基本达到地表水环境质量Ⅲ级标准。随着木里煤田煤炭资源的开发利用,该地区的水环境质量和水体生态环境有污染的趋势。提出了建设小型调蓄、引水工程,加强点源和面源污染管理的防治对策及建议。  相似文献   

Relocation effects of dredged marine sediments on mercury geochemistry: Venice lagoon,Italy     

Seunghee Han  Joris Gieskes  Anna Obraztsova  Dimitri D. Deheyn  Bradley M. Tebo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Understanding the biogeochemical process of Hg is critical in the overall evaluation of the ecological impacts resulting from the reuse of Hg-contaminated dredged sediment. Sediment banks (V1 and V2) were constructed with freshly dredged sediments from a navigational channel in Venice Lagoon, Italy, with the goal of clarifying potential differences in the biogeochemistry of Hg between the reused dredged sediments and those from surrounding sites (SS1 and S2). Toward this purpose, Hg and monomethylmercury (MMHg) concentrations, and Hg methylation rates (MMRs) in the surface 2.5 cm sediments were monitored, along with ammonium, iron, sulfate and sulfide concentrations in the pore waters of banks and surrounding sites from November 2005 to February 2007. Pore water analyses indicate that the bank sediments are characterized by lower levels of sulfate and iron, and by higher levels of ammonium and sulfide compared to the surrounding sediments. With respect to Hg speciation, the fractions of MMHg in total Hg (%MMHg/Hg) and the MMRs were significantly lower in the bank V1 compared to those in the reference site SS1, whereas the %MMHg/Hg and the MMRs were similar between V2 and S2. A negative correlation is found between the logarithm of the particle-water partition coefficient of Hg and the MMR, indicating that the reduced MMRs in V1 are caused by the limited concentrations of dissolved Hg. Organic matter appears to play a key role in the control of MMR via the control of Hg solubility.  相似文献   

舟山近岸海域表层沉积物中5种重金属元素的污染及潜在生态风险评价   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

蒋红  胡益峰  徐灵燕  李卫丁 《海洋学研究》2011,29(1):56-61

利用2006年8月采集于舟山本岛南部近岸海域的表层沉积物监测数据,采用Hakanson生态风险指数法,分析了Hg、As、Pb、Cd和Cu等5种重金属元素含量,并进行了潜在生态风险评价,结果表明:舟山近岸海域表层沉积物中Hg、As、Pb和Cd元素的含量均符合国家海洋沉积物质量一类标准;各重金属元素均为低污染水平,潜在生态...  相似文献   

两株河口湿地耐盐石油降解菌的生物学特性及降解能力研究     

张竹圆  白洁  周方  蔡忠亚  赵阳国  田伟君 《海洋湖沼通报》2011,(1):147-153

从辽河口湿地污染土壤样品中分离筛选出2株高效石油降解茵lhk-2和lhk-10,经鉴定lhk-2为巴氏萄萄球菌(Staphylococcus pasteuri),lhk-10为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonasmaltophili).两株菌的石油降解能力研究结果表明,培养8d后,加菌组的石油烃降解率均在...  相似文献   

突发性大气污染事故应急监测系统的设计与开发   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈文君  陈锁忠  都娥娥  王衍斐 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(1):65-72

本文对突发性大气污染事故应急临测系统的总体需求、体系结构、功能模块和关键技术进行了分析.通过分析突发性大气污染事故应急监测工作业务流程,提出系统的建立需在存储和管理多种应急监测相关数据的基础上,并与应急监测业务保持一致.为保证系统的高安伞性、实时性与可靠性,采用部署在局域网内的客户机/服务器体系结构.本文详细阐述了系统...  相似文献   

太湖水污染扩散插件式模拟系统     

韩宇  郭飞  葛成  张凤 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(2):245-251

插件式太湖水污染扩散模拟系统,基于三维水体污染扩散模型,结合GIS技术和三维可视化技术,再现了水体污染物运移扩散的时空分布特征与动态演进过程.为了保证系统的可扩展性,需要一种松散的耦合机制.插件技术可以有效地降低系统功能模块间的耦合,把插件技术引入GIS的二次开发可以赋予系统动态可扩展性.本文首先,介绍插件式系统的一般...  相似文献   

铁锰氧化物对苯酚氧化降解的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

文丽敏  张骏 《地球科学与环境学报》2011,33(2):191-195

为了考察铁锰氧化物对酚类污染物的氧化降解能力,采用天然以及合成的铁锰氧化物对苯酚的氧化降解进行对比实验研究.土壤中铁锰氧化物样品分别为天然针铁矿及氧化锰,合成铁锰氧化物样品分别为合成针铁矿及软锰矿.结果表明:苯酚与铁锰氧化物发生氧化还原作用时,还可能与土壤中杂质发生吸附等作用;铁锰氧化物还原反应强度随着反应介质pH值的...  相似文献   

山东省汶泗河冲洪积平原地下水污染评价与安全供水对策     

徐建国  朱恒华  徐华  张卓  祁晓凡 《山东国土资源》2011,27(5)

在对汶泗河冲洪积平原水文地质条件和污染源现状进行阐述的基础上,对不同含水岩组无机组分指标进行了分析,表明浅层孔隙水和部分地区岩溶裂隙水无机组分含量大幅增高,深层孔隙水无机物含量则变化不大。在有机污染方面,浅层孔隙水有机物检出率26.8%,但含量很低,远未达到饮用水标准限值;岩溶裂隙水有机物检出率46.7%,检出率相对较高,局部地段有机物超标;深层孔隙水有机物基本未检出。该区地下水污染评价结果表明,浅层孔隙水和岩溶裂隙水无机污染呈面状污染特征,且污染程度较重,而有机污染则呈现点状污染特征,且污染程度总体较轻。对研究区地下水污染现状,提出了地下水安全供水对策。  相似文献